I've just run into a problem twice on Windows when Native Access updates, so I thought I'd post my findings to help others if they have run into the same problem.
When updating Native Access (usually, through the app when it tells you to update), after the update I get an error upon Native Access startup "Please grant permission to Native Access to install dependencies."
I believe the problem is that Native Access requires a matching version of NTKDaemon.exe in order to work. Unfortunately, when Native Access updates, it fails to install the new matching version of NTKDaemon. This leads to the error.
To fix, open Services (services.msc), find and click on NTKDaemonService, and click "Stop the service".
Then, run the installer at "C:\Program Files\Native Instruments\Native Access\resources\daemon\win\NTKDaemon 1.32.0 Setup PC.exe" (the exact filename depends on what Native Access update just installed).
Once the installer completes, Native Access should run as normal. (You don't need to restart the service - it will automatically restart).
My thoughts on the reason:
When I updated Native Access today, it's new version was 3.26.0 (49cfefc / 1.32.0.0).
However, NTKDaemon's version ("C:\Program Files\Common Files\Native Instruments\NTK\NTKDaemon.exe") was 1.31.1.0
If I were to guess, the NTKDaemon installer spawned by Native Access installer doesn't have privileges to stop the NTKDaemon service, so it fails silently during the Native Access install.
In fact, if the NTKDaemon service is running during an NTKDaemon manual install (running the setup listed above), then you get an error message that it can't update until a reboot.
Stopping the service before running the NTKDaemon installer allows the install to be successful, and also, Native Access starts working immediately after.